Technical NOAA Weather Discussion

FXUS66 KMTR 071807
AFDMTR

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service San Francisco CA
1007 AM PST Wed Jan 7 2026

...New AVIATION, MARINE...

.KEY MESSAGES...
Updated at 247 AM PST Wed Jan 7 2026

 - High and dry pattern through the week with offshore flow and
   cold overnight conditions

 - Hazardous beach conditions at all Pacific Coast beaches
   Thursday and Friday and again early next week

&&

.SHORT TERM...
Issued at 247 AM PST Wed Jan 7 2026
(Today and tonight)

Flooding continues for areas near and downstream of Mark West Creek 
near Mirabel Heights as indicated by gauges and cameras. A Flood 
Warning is in effect until 8 AM - this will likely be replaced by a 
long duration Flood Advisory then as that is when it is forecast to 
recede into minor flood stage. Residual troughiness will allow for a 
dying cold front to skirt the region today. High clouds from this 
feature will continue to stream into the region which will help 
limit the extent of fog and stratus this morning. Sensible weather 
wise, expect near normal temperatures and more gloomy conditions.

&&

.LONG TERM...
Issued at 247 AM PST Wed Jan 7 2026
(Thursday through Tuesday)

Global ensemble clusters are in agreement of some form of longwave 
upper-level ridging dominating our long term forecast and beyond. 
This will yield fair daytime conditions with cold overnight 
conditions. An Extreme Cold Watch has been issued for most of the 
area from 1 AM Friday to 9 AM Friday to cover the Thursday night 
period. It's a bit of a nuanced forecast though as it isn't a cold 
air mass bringing this along. In fact, 850 millibar temperatures are 
forecast to warm near 7 degrees Celsius which is near the daily 
mean. Some meteorological rule of thumb equates this to 45 degrees 
at 5,000 feet. To figure out what's going on, we need to zoom out. 
It is winter which means nights are long and therefore there is a 
lot of time for radiational cooling to occur. As the Earth cools, a 
shallow, stable layer develops near the surface, this is known as a 
temperature inversion. Quantitatively, this is when temperature 
increases with height, like in this case where we have ~0 degrees 
Celsius at the surface and ~7 degrees Celsius at 5,000 feet. You can 
think of it as a "cold lid". We are going to put a pin in this for 
now. At the surface, high pressure will nose into the 
California/Oregon border before ultimately building into the Great 
Basin. Along the California Coast, a coastal trough will develop 
which will facilitate offshore flow. Normally this would be a fire 
weather concern, but we are way past that. We are going to keep our 
fire weather thinking caps on though to understand why it is going 
to be cold in some spots and not others. Circling back to our "cold 
lid", offshore flow aloft will not be strong or turbulent enough to 
break its seal. Some locations downslope of/in the higher terrain 
are not in the Extreme Cold Watch as sufficient mixing will keep 
them relatively warmer. The coldest spots will be Interior Monterey 
and San Benito Counties, where below freezing temperatures are 
possible. The North Bay Coast and San Francisco Peninsula Coast will 
be moderated by the Pacific Ocean and downslope flow coming off of 
the adjacent terrain. The Friday night period will be cold, but not 
quite as cold as Thursday night. Overnight temperatures will slowly 
rise through the weekend to become above criteria by the start of 
next week.

&&

.AVIATION...
(18Z TAFS)
Issued at 943 AM PST Wed Jan 7 2026

VFR is expected to prevail through the forecast period for all
terminals. There is a slight chance (primarily South Bay and
Monterey Bay terminals) for MVFR cigs to develop later tonight 
into early Thursday morning, as a relatively weak cold front 
pushes through our area. Winds will increase along and behind the
front becoming gusty at times from the W/NW. 

Vicinity of SFO...VFR conditions are expected to prevail through
the forecast period with gusty onshore winds settling in this
evening and persisting through a majority of the remaining TAF
period as a cold front passes south through our area.

SFO Bridge Approach...Similar to SFO.

Monterey Bay Terminals...VFR is expected to prevail through a
majority of the TAF period with a chance for MVFR cigs late into
the overnight through mid-Thursday morning. Winds will increase
and become gusty later this evening and continue through the
overnight as a cold front pushes through our area.

&&

.MARINE...
(Today through Monday)
Issued at 943 AM PST Wed Jan 7 2026

Northerly winds settle in behind a series of weak fronts today,
gradually increasing through the afternoon and overnight. Along
with the increasing northerly winds will be a building moderate
northwest swell on Thursday, combining o create hazardous
conditions on the water through late Thursday night, with winds
easing and wave energy decreasing into the weekend.

&&

.MTR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
CA...High Surf Advisory from 1 AM Thursday to 10 PM PST Friday for 
     CAZ006-505-509-530.

     Extreme Cold Watch from late Thursday night through Friday 
     morning for CAZ502-506-508-510-512>518-528>530.

     Beach Hazards Statement from late tonight through Friday evening 
     for CAZ529.

PZ...Small Craft Advisory from 3 PM this afternoon to 3 PM PST 
     Thursday for Mry Bay-Pigeon Pt to Pt Pinos 0-10 nm-Pt Arena 
     to Pt Reyes 0-10 nm-Pt Reyes to Pigeon Pt 0-10 nm.

     Small Craft Advisory from 3 PM this afternoon to 9 PM PST 
     Thursday for Pigeon Pt to Pt Pinos 10-60 NM-Pt Arena to Pt 
     Reyes 10-60 NM-Pt Pinos to Pt Piedras Blancas 0-10 nm.

&&

$$

SHORT TERM...Sarment
LONG TERM....Sarment
AVIATION...JM
MARINE...JM

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Prepared by Boulder-Creek.com Weather at: Wed Jan 7 10:30:03 PST 2026
From the National Weather Service